References
- McKay DL, Blumberg JB. The role of tea in human health: An update. J Am Coll Nutr. 2002;21:1–13. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kavanagh KT, Hafer LJ, Kim DW, Mann KK, Sherr DH, Rogers AE, Sonenshein GE. Green tea extracts decrease carcinogen-induced mammary tumor burden in rats and rate of breast cancer cell proliferation in culture. J Cell Biochem. 2001;82:387–398. doi: 10.1002/jcb.1164. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Sueoka N, Suganuma M, Sueoka E, Okabe S, Matsuyama S, Imai K, Nakachi K, Fujiki H. A new function of green tea: prevention of lifestyle-related diseases. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2001;928:274–280. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dona M, Dell’Aica I, Calabrese F, Benelli R, Morini M, Albini A, Garbisa S. Neutrophil restraint by green tea: inhibition of inflammation, associated angiogenesis, and pulmonary fibrosis. J Immunol. 2003;170:4335–4341. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Haqqi TM, Anthony DD, Gupta S, Ahmad N, Lee MS, Kumar GK, Mukhtar H. Prevention of collagen-induced arthritis in mice by a polyphenolic fraction from green tea. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1999;96:4524–4529. doi: 10.1073/pnas.96.8.4524. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Sudano Roccaro A, Blanco AR, Giuliano F, Rusciano D, Enea V. Epigallocatechin-gallate enhances the activity of tetracycline in staphylococci by inhibiting its efflux from bacterial cells. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004;48:1968–1973. doi: 10.1128/AAC.48.6.1968-1973.2004. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Sartippour MR, Shao ZM, Heber D, Beatty P, Zhang L, Liu C, Ellis L, Liu W, Go VL, Brooks MN. Green tea inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induction in human breast cancer cells. J Nutr. 2002;132:2307–2311. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Osada K, Takahashi M, Hoshina S, Nakamura M, Nakamura S, Sugano M. Tea catechins inhibit cholesterol oxidation accompanying oxidation of low density lipoprotein in vitro. Comp Biochem Physiol Part C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2001;128:153–164. doi: 10.1016/S1532-0456(00)00192-7. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Weber JM, Ruzindana-Umunyana A, Imbeault L, Sircar S. Inhibition of adenovirus infection and adenain by green tea catechins. Antiviral Res. 2003;58:167–173. doi: 10.1016/S0166-3542(02)00212-7. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Weinreb O, Mandel S, Amit T, Youdim MBH. Neurological mechanisms of green tea polyphenols in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. J Nutr Biochem. 2004;15:506–516. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2004.05.002. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Raederstorff DG, Schlachter MF, Elste V, Weber P. Effect of EGCG on lipid absorption and plasma lipid levels in rats. J Nutr Biochem. 2003;14:326–332. doi: 10.1016/S0955-2863(03)00054-8. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Naghma K, Hasan M. Tea polyphenols for health promotion. Life Sciences. 2007;81:519–533. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2007.06.011. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Moyers SB, Kumar NB. Green tea polyphenols and cancer chemoprevention: multiple mechanisms and endpoints for phase II trials. Nutr Rev. 2004;62:204–211. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2004.tb00041.x. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Mandel S, Weinreb O, Amit T, Youdim MB. Cell signaling pathways in the neuroprotective actions of the green tea polyphenol(-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate: implications for neurodegenerative diseases. J Neurochem. 2004;88:1555–1569. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Higdon JV, Frei B. Tea catechins and polyphenols: health effects, metabolism, and antioxidant functions. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2003;43:89–143. doi: 10.1080/10408690390826464. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Xiang YZ, Shang HC, Gao XM, Zhang BL. A comparison of the ancient use of ginseng in traditional Chinese medicine with modern pharmacological experiments and clinical trials. Phytother Res. 2008;22(7):851–858. doi: 10.1002/ptr.2384. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Cabrera C, Artacho R, Giménez R. Beneficial effects of green tea: a review. J Am Coll Nutr. 2006;25:79–99. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Japanese Green Tea Online.com. http://www.japanesegreenteaonline.com
- Weisburger JH. Approaches for chronic disease prevention based on current understanding of underlying mechanisms. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;71(6):1710S–1714S. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sato T, Miyata G. The nutraceutical benefit, part I: green tea. Nutrition. 2000;16:315–317. doi: 10.1016/S0899-9007(99)00301-9. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Belitz DH, Grosch W. Quı’mica de los Alimentos. Zaragoza: Acribia; 1997. [Google Scholar]
- Graham HN. Green tea composition, consumption, and polyphenol chemistry. Prev Med. 1992;21:334–350. doi: 10.1016/0091-7435(92)90041-F. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Vinson JA. Black and green tea and heart disease: a review. Biofactors. 2000;13:127–132. doi: 10.1002/biof.5520130121. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Sano M, Tabata M, Suzuki M, Degawa M, Miyase T, Maeda-Yamamoto M. Simultaneous determination of twelve tea catechins by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Analyst. 2001;126:816–820. doi: 10.1039/b102541b. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Khokhar S, Magnusdottir SGM. Total phenol, catechin, and caffeine contents of teas commonly consumed in the United Kingdom. J Agric Food Chem. 2002;50:565–570. doi: 10.1021/jf010153l. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Fernandez PL, Martin MJ, Gonzalez AG, Pablos F. HPLC determination of catechins and caffeine in tea. Differentiation of green, black and instant teas. Analyst. 2000;125:421–425. doi: 10.1039/a909219f. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Chen ZY, Zhu QY, Wong YF, Zhang Z, Chung HY. Stabilizing effect of ascorbic acid on green tea catechins. J Agr Food Chem. 1998;46:2512–2516. doi: 10.1021/jf971022g. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Chen ZY, Zhu QY, Tsang D, Huang Y. Degradation of green tea catechins in tea drinks. J Agr Food Chem. 2001;49:477–482. doi: 10.1021/jf000877h. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Vanessa C, Gary W. A Review of the Health Effects of Green Tea Catechins in In Vivo Animal Models. J Nutr. 2004;134:3431S–3440S. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Roomi MW, Ivanov V, Kalinovsky T, Niedzwiecki A, RathIn M. In vitro and in vivo antitumorigenic activity of a mixture of lysine, proline, ascorbic acid, and green tea extract on human breast cancer lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7. Medical Oncol. 2007;22(2):129–138. doi: 10.1385/MO:22:2:129. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Babu PV, Sabitha KE, Shyamaladevi CS. Therapeutic effect of green tea extract on oxidative stress in aorta and heart of streptozotocin diabetic rats. Chem Biol Interact. 2006;162:114–120. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2006.04.009. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Unno K, Takabayashi F, Yoshida H, Choba D, Fukutomi R, Kikunaga N, Kishido T, Oku N, Hoshino M. Daily consumption of green tea catechin delays memory regression in aged mice. Biogerontology. 2007;8(2):89–95. doi: 10.1007/s10522-006-9036-8. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Koo MWL, Cho CH. Pharmacological effects of green tea on the gastrointestinal system. Eur J Pharmacol. 2004;500:177–185. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.07.023. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Zaveri NT. Green tea and its polyphenolic catechins: medicinal uses in cancer and noncancer applications. Life Sci. 2006;78:2073–2080. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2005.12.006. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Tsuneki H, Ishizuka M, Terasawa M, Wu JB, Sasaoka T, Kimura I. Effect of green tea on blood glucose levels and serum proteomic patterns in diabetic (db/db) mice and on glucose metabolism in healthy humans. BMC Pharmacol. 2004;4:18–21. doi: 10.1186/1471-2210-4-18. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Meydani M. Nutrition interventions in aging and age associated disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2001;928:226–235. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mukhtar H, Wang ZY, Katlya SK, Agarwal R. Tea components: antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic effects. Prev Med. 1992;21:351–360. doi: 10.1016/0091-7435(92)90042-G. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Sano M, Takahashi Y, Yoshino K, Shimoi K, Nakamura Y, Tomita I, Oguni I, Konomoto H. Effect of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) on lipid peroxidation in rat liver and kidney: a comparison of green and black tea feeding. Biol Pharm Bull. 1995;18:1006–1008. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hara Y. Nippon Shokuhin Kogyo. Tokyo: Gakkai: Korin; 1990. Advances in Food Science and Technology. [Google Scholar]
- Shim JS, Kang MH, Kim YH, Roh JK, Roberts C, Lee IP. Chemopreventive effect of green tea (Camellia sinensis) among cigarette smokers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers. 1995;4:387–391. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McKay DL, Blumberg JB. The role of tea in human health: an update. J Am Coll Nutr. 2002;21:1–13. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lu H, Meng X, Li C, Sang S, Patten C, Sheng S, Hong J, Bai N, Winnik B, Ho CT, Yang CS. Glucuronides of tea catechins: enzymology of biosynthesis and biological activities. Drug Metab Dispos. 2003;31:452–461. doi: 10.1124/dmd.31.4.452. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Wu CH, Lu FH, Chang CS, Chang TC, Wang RH, Chang CJ. Relationship among habitual tea consumption, percent body fat, and body fat distribution. Obes Res. 2003;11:1088–1095. doi: 10.1038/oby.2003.149. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Takabayashi F, Harada N, Yamada M, Murohisa B, Oguni I. Inhibitory effect of green tea catechins in combination with sucralfate on Helicobacter pylori infection in Mongolian gerbils. J Gastroenterol. 2004;39:61–63. doi: 10.1007/s00535-003-1246-0. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Yee YK, Koo MWL, Szeto ML. Chinese tea consumption and lower risk of Helicobacter infection. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2002;17:552–555. doi: 10.1046/j.1440-1746.2002.02718.x. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Toda M, Okubo S, Ohnishi R, Shimamura T. Antibacterial and bactericidal activities of Japanese green tea. Nippon Saikingaku Zasshi. 1989;44:669–672. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mukoyama A, Ushijima H, Nishimura S, Koike H, Toda M, Hara Y, Shimamura T. Inhibition of rotavirus and enterovirus infections by tea extracts. Jpn J Med Sci Biol. 1991;44:181–186. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Yama TS, Shaha S, Hamilton-Millera JMT. Microbiological activity of whole and fractionated crude extracts of tea (Camellia sinensis), and of tea components. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1997;152:169–174. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb10424.x. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Hirasawa M, Takada K. Multiple effects of green tea catechin on the antifungal activity of antimycotics against Candida albicans. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2004;53:225–229. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkh046. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Muraki S, Yamamoto S, Ishibashi H, Horiuchi T, Hosoi T, Suzuki T, Orimo H, Nakamura K. Green tea drinking is associated with increased bone mineral density. J Bone Miner Res. 2003;18:S241. [Google Scholar]
- Park H, Ko S, Kim J, Kim S. Effects of green tea extracts and polyphenols on the proliferation and activity of bone cells. J Bone Miner Res. 2003;18:S342. [Google Scholar]
- Dorchies OM, Wagner S, Waldhauser KM, Buetler TM, Ruegg UT. Anti-fibrotic properties of green tea catechins on mouse muscle cell cultures. Neuromuscul Disord. 2003;13:639. [Google Scholar]
- Sakata R, Ueno T, Nakamura T, Sakamoto M, Torimura T, Sata M. Green tea polyphenols epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits platelet-derived growth factor-induced proliferation of human hepatic stellate cell line LI90. J Hepatol. 2004;40:52–59. doi: 10.1016/S0168-8278(03)00477-X. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Pan TH, Jankovic J, Le WD. Potential therapeutic properties of green tea polyphenols in Parkinson’s disease. Drugs Aging. 2003;20:711–721. doi: 10.2165/00002512-200320100-00001. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Sagesaka-Mitane Y, Miwa M, Okada S. Platelet aggregation inhibitors in middle aged Japanese men and women. Ann Epidemiol. 1998;7:280–284. [Google Scholar]
- Dvorakova K, Dorr RT, Valcic S, Timmermann B, Alberts DS. Pharmacokinetics of the green tea derivative, EGCG, by the topical route of administration in mouse and human skin. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1999;43:331–335. doi: 10.1007/s002800050903. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Ishizuk H, Eguchi H, Oda T, Ogawa S, Nakagawa K, Honjo S, Kono S. Relation of coffee, green tea, and caffeine intake to gallstone disease in middle-age Japanese men. Eur J Epidemiol. 2003;18:401–405. doi: 10.1023/A:1024237927985. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Gupta SK, Halder N, Srivastava S, Trivedi D, Joshi S, Varma SD. Green tea (Camellia sinensis) protects against selenite-induced oxidative stress in experimental cataractogenesis. Ophthalmic Res. 2002;34:258–263. doi: 10.1159/000063881. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Skrzydlewska E, Ostrowska J, Stankiewicz A, Farbiszewski R. Green tea as a potent antioxidant in alcohol intoxication. Addict Biol. 2002;7:307–314. doi: 10.1080/13556210220139523. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Ferrari CKB, Torres EAFS. Biochemical pharmacology of functional foods and prevention of chronic diseases of aging. Biomed Pharmacother. 2003;57:251–260. doi: 10.1016/S0753-3322(03)00032-5. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Arburjai T, Natsheh FM. Plants used in cosmetics. Phytother Res. 2003;17:987–1000. doi: 10.1002/ptr.1363. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Min Zhang C, D’Arcy JH, Jiang-ping H, Xing X. Green tea and the prevention of breast cancer: a case-control study in Southeast China. Carcinogenesis. 2005;28(5):1074–1078. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgl252. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Zhang M, Holman CDAJ, Huang JP, Xie X. Green tea and the prevention of breast cancer: a case-control study in southeast China. Carcinogenesis. 2008;29(8):1594–1600. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgn129. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Hsu SP, Wu MS, Yang CC, Huang KC, Liou SY, Hsu SM, Chien CT. Chronic green tea extract supplementation reduces hemodialysis-enhanced production of hydrogen peroxide and hypochlorous acid, atherosclerotic factors, and proinflammatory cytokines. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;86(5):1539–1547. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Samman S, Sandstrom B, Toft MB, Bukhave K, Jensen M, Sorensen SS, Hansen M. Green tea or rosemary extract added to foods reduces nonheme-iron absorption. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;73:607–612. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nelson M, Poulter J. Impact of tea drinking on iron status in the UK: a review. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2004;17:43–54. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-277X.2003.00497.x. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Deng Z, Tao B, Li X, He J, Chen Y. Effect of green tea and black tea on the metabolisms of mineral elements in old rats. Biol Trace Elem Res. 1998;65:75–86. doi: 10.1007/BF02784115. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Record IR, McInerney JK, Dreosti IE. Black tea, green tea, and tea polyphenols: effects on trace element status in weanling rats. Biol Trace Elem Res. 1996;53:27–43. doi: 10.1007/BF02784542. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Mira L, Fernandez MT, Santos M, Rocha R, Florencio MH, Jennings KR. Interactions of flavonoids with iron and copper ions: a mechanism for their antioxidant activity. Free Radic Res. 2002;36:1199–1208. doi: 10.1080/1071576021000016463. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Maliakal PP, Coville PF, Wanwimolruk S. Tea consumption modulates hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes in Wistar rats. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2001;53:569–577. doi: 10.1211/0022357011775695. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Sohn OS, Surace A, Fiala ES, Richie JP Jr, Colosimo S, Zang E, Weisburger JH. Effects of green and black tea on hepatic xenobiotic metabolizing systems in the male F344 rat. Xenobiotica. 1994;24:119–127. doi: 10.3109/00498259409043226. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Donovan JL, Crespy V, Manach C, Morand C, Besson C, Scalbert A, Remesy C. Catechin is metabolized by both the small intestine and liver of rats. J Nutr. 2001;131:1753–1757. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Okushio K, Suzuki M, Matsumoto N, Nanjo F, Hara Y. Methylation of tea catechins by rat liver homogenates. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 1999;63:430–432. doi: 10.1271/bbb.63.430. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Embola CW, Weisburger JH, Weisburger MC. Urinary excretion of N-OH-2-amino-3-methylimidazo [4,5-f]quinoline-N-glucuronide in F344 rats is enhanced by green tea. Carcinogenesis. 2001;22:1095–1098. doi: 10.1093/carcin/22.7.1095. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC. Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine. Oxford: Clarendon Press; 1985. [Google Scholar]
- Abdel-Raheim MAM, Enas AH, Khaled AE. Effect of green tea extract and vitamin c on oxidant or antioxidant. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2009;24(3):280–287. doi: 10.1007/s12291-009-0053-7. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Yokozawa T, Nakagawa T, Kitani K. Antioxidative activity of green tea polyphenol in cholesterol-fed rats. J Agric Food Chem. 2002;50:3549–3552. doi: 10.1021/jf020029h. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Skrzydlewska E, Ostrowska J, Farbiszewski R, Michalak K. Protective effect of green tea against lipid peroxidation in the rat liver, blood serum and the brain. Phytomedicine. 2002;9:232–238. doi: 10.1078/0944-7113-00119. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Negishi H, Xu JW, Ikeda K, Njelekela M, Nara Y, Yamori Y. Black and green tea polyphenols attenuate blood pressure increases in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Nutr. 2004;134:38–42. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Yokozawa T, Nakagawa T, Lee KI, Cho EJ, Terasawa K, Takeuchi S. Effects of green tea tannin on cisplatin-induced nephropathy in LLC-PK1 cells and rats. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1999;51:1325–1331. doi: 10.1211/0022357991776912. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Tijburg LBM, Wiseman SA, Meijer GW, Weststrate JA. Effects of green tea, black tea and dietary lipophilic antioxidants on LDL oxidizability and atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolaemic rabbits. Atherosclerosis. 1997;135:37–47. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9150(97)00139-1. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Alessio HM, Hagerman AE, Romanello M, Carando S, Threlkeld MS, Rogers J, Dimitrova Y, Muhammed S, Wiley RL. Consumption of green tea protects rats from exercise-induced oxidative stress in kidney and liver. Nutr Res. 2003;22:1177–1188. doi: 10.1016/S0271-5317(02)00421-9. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Pilipenko VI, Shakhovskaia AK, Mal’tsev GIU, Isakov VA. Influence of tableted green tea on index the antioxidant status patients with disease digestion organs. Vopr Pitan. 2008;77(4):58–62. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Del Prato S, Piero M, Riccardo CB. Phasic Insulin Release and Metabolic Regulation in Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes. 2007;51:S109. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.51.2007.S109. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Sabu MC, Smitha K, Kuttan R. Anti-diabetic activity of green tea polyphenols and their role in reducing oxidative stress in experimental diabetes. J Ethnopharmacol. 2002;83:109–116. doi: 10.1016/S0378-8741(02)00217-9. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Wu LY, Juan CC, Ho LT, Hsu YP, Hwang LS. Effect of green tea supplementation on insulin sensitivity in Sprague-Dawley rats. J Agric Food Chem. 2004;52:643–648. doi: 10.1021/jf030365d. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Hasegawa N, Yamda N, Mori M. Powdered green tea has antilipogenic effect on Zucker rats fed a high-fat diet. Phytother Res. 2003;17:477–480. doi: 10.1002/ptr.1177. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Yang MH, Wang CH, Chen HL. Green, Oolong and black tea extracts modulate lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia rats fed high-sucrose diet. J Nutr Biochem. 2001;12:14–20. doi: 10.1016/S0955-2863(00)00140-6. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Iso H, Date C, Wakai K, Fukui M, Tamakoshi A. The relationship between green tea and total caffeine intake and risk for self-reported type 2 diabetes among Japanese adults. Ann Intern Med. 2006;144:554–562. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wolfram S, Raederstorff D, Preller M, Wang Y, Teixeira SR, Riegger C, Weber P. Epigallocatechin gallate supplementation alleviates diabetes in rodents. J Nutr. 2006;136:3512–3518. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Waltner-Law ME, Wang XL, Law BK, Hall RK, Nawano M, Granner DK. Epigallocatecin gallate, a constituent of green tea, represses hepatic glucose production. J Biol Chem. 2002;277:34933–34940. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M204672200. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Anderson RA, Polansky MM. Tea enhances insulin activity. J Agric Food Chem. 2002;50:7182–7186. doi: 10.1021/jf020514c. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Gomes A, Vedasiromoni JR, Das M, Sharma RM, Ganguly DK. Anti-hyperglycemic effect of black tea (Camellia sinensis) in rat. J Ethnopharmacol. 1995;45:223–226. doi: 10.1016/0378-8741(95)01223-Z. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Kobayashi Y, Suzuki M, Satsu H, Arai S, Hara Y, Suzuki K, Miyamoto Y, Shimizu M. Green tea polyphenols inhibit the sodium-dependent glucose transporter of intestinal epithelial cells by a competitive mechanism. J Agric Food Chem. 2000;48:5618–5623. doi: 10.1021/jf0006832. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Yang JA, Choi JH, Rhee SJ. Effects of green tea catechin on phospholipase A2 activity and antithrombus in streptozotocin diabetes rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 1999;45:337–346. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Choi JH, Cha BK, Rhee SJ. Effect of green tea catechin on hepatic microsomal phospholipase A2 activities and changes of hepatic phospholipid species in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 1998;44:673–683. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Illing EKB, Gray CH, Lawrence RD. Blood glutathione and non-glucose reducing substances in diabetes. J Biochem. 1951;48:637–640. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vucic M, Gavell M, Bozikov V, Ashcroft JH, Rocic B. Superoxide dismutase activity in lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear cells of diabetic patients. Eur J Clin Chem Biochem. 1997;35:517–521. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Polychronopoulos E, Panagiotakos DB, Polystipioti A. Diet, lifestyle factors and hypercholesterolemia in elderly men and women from Cyprus. Lipids Health Dis. 2005;4:17–21. doi: 10.1186/1476-511X-4-17. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Wu LY, Juan CC, Hwang LS, Hsu YP, Ho PH, Ho LT. Green tea supplementation ameliorates insulin resistance and increases glucose transporter IV content in a fructose-fed rat model. Eur J Nutr. 2004;43:116–124. doi: 10.1007/s00394-004-0450-x. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Han MK. Epigallocatechin gallate, a constituent of green tea, suppresses cytokine-induced pancreatic beta-cell damage. Exp Mol Med. 2003;35:136–139. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Song EK, Hur H, Han MK. Epigallocatechin gallate prevents autoimmune diabetes induced by multiple low doses of streptozotocin in mice. Arch Pharm Res. 2003;26:559–563. doi: 10.1007/BF02976881. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Lambert JD, Lee MJ, Lu H, Meng X, Hong JJJ, Seril DN, Sturgill MG, Yang CS. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate is absorbed but extensively glucuronidated following oral administration to mice. J Nutr. 2003;133:4172–4177. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ullmann U, Haller J, Decourt JP, Girault N, Girault J, Richard-Caudron AS, Pineau B, Weber P. A single ascending dose study of epigallocatechin gallate in healthy volunteers. J Int Med Res. 2003;31:88–101. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kao YH, Chang HH, Lee MJ, Chen CL. Tea, obesity, and diabetes. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2006;50(2):188–210. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.200500109. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Shoji Y, Nakashima H. Glucose-lowering effect of powder formulation of African black tea extract in KK-A(y)/TaJcl diabetic mouse. Arch Pharmacol Res. 2006;29(9):786–794. doi: 10.1007/BF02974080. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Rudelle S, Ferruzzi MG, Cristiani I, Moulin J, Mace K, Acheson KJ, Tappy L. Effect of a thermogenic beverage on 24-hour energy metabolism in humans. Obesity. 2007;15(2):349–355. doi: 10.1038/oby.2007.529. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Lin JK, Lin-Shiau SY. Mechanisms of hypolipidemic and anti-obesity effects of tea and tea polyphenols. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2006;50(2):211–217. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.200500138. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Klaus S, Pultz S, Thone-Reineke C, Wolfram S. Epigallocatechin gallate attenuates diet-induced obesity in mice by decreasing energy absorption and increasing fat oxidation. Int J Obes. 2005;29(6):615–623. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802926. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Dulloo AG, Seydoux J, Girardier L, Chantre P, Vandermander J. Green tea and thermogenesis: interactions between catechin-polyphenols, caffeine and sympathetic activity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000;24(2):252–258. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801101. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Boschmann M, Thielecke F. The effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate on thermogenesis and fat oxidation in obese men: a pilot study. J Am Coll Nutr. 2007;26(4):389S–395S. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schmidt M, Schmitz HJ, Baumgart A, Guedon D, Netsch MI, Kreuter MH, Schmidlin CB, Schrenk D. Toxicity of green tea extracts and their constituents in rat hepatocytes in primary culture. Food Chem Toxicol. 2005;43:307–314. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2004.11.001. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Takabayashi F, Tahara S, Kanerko T, Harada N. Effect of green tea catechins on oxidative DNA damage of hamster pancreas and liver induced by N-nitrosobis (2-oxopropyl) amine and/or oxidized soybean oil. Biofactors. 2004;21:335–337. doi: 10.1002/biof.552210165. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Yun SY, Kim SP, Song DK. Effects of (–)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate on pancreatic beta-cell damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 2006;541:115–121. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.04.040. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Sakamoto Y, Mikuriya H, Tayama K, Takahashi H, Nagasawa A, Yano N, Yuzawa K, Ogata A, Aoki N. Goitrogenic effects of green tea extract catechins by dietary administration in rats. Arch Toxicol. 2001;75:591–596. doi: 10.1007/s00204-001-0286-6. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Satoh K, Sakamoto Y, Ogata A, Nagai F, Mikuriya H, Numazawa M, Yamada K, Aoki N. Inhibition of aromatase activity by green tea extract catechins and their endocrinological effects of oral administration in rats. Food Chem Toxicol. 2002;40:925–933. doi: 10.1016/S0278-6915(02)00066-2. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Bruneton J. Pharmacognosie. Phytochimie. Plantes Me’dicinales. Paris: Technique Documentation-Lavoisier; 2001. [Google Scholar]
- Costa LM, Gouveia ST, Nobrega JA. Comparison of heating extraction procedures for Al, Ca, Mg and Mn in tea samples. Ann Sci. 2002;18:313–318. doi: 10.2116/analsci.18.313. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- Hamdaoui MH, Chabchob S, Heidhili A. Iron bioavailability and weight gains to iron-deficient rats fed a commonly consumed Tunisian meal “bean seeds ragout” with or without beef and with green or black tea decoction. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2003;17:159–164. doi: 10.1016/S0946-672X(03)80020-2. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
Articles from Chinese Medicine are provided here courtesy of BioMed Central